Exchange Act s.9(a)(2)
Bars a series of trades in a listed security that creates actual or apparent active trading, or moves its price, in order to induce others to buy or sell. 64 records cite it, filed 2014 to 2026.
Official text: 15 U.S.C. 78i (LII)
Counts
By year filed
- 2014: 1
- 2015: 6
- 2016: 1
- 2017: 6
- 2018: 4
- 2019: 2
- 2020: 4
- 2021: 6
- 2022: 8
- 2023: 4
- 2024: 13
- 2025: 5
- 2026: 4
By agency
- SEC: 64
By status
- Settled: 28
- Judgment entered: 26
- Alleged, pending: 7
- Status unknown: 3
Technique mix
Most recent matched records
- SEC v. Frank M. Cerisano Jr. (spoofing, 2026)
- SEC v. Gotbit Consulting LLC a/k/a Gotbit Hedge Fund and Fedor Kedrov (paid crypto market making, 2026)
- SEC v. Michael J. Forster (pump and dump, 2026)
- SEC v. Mingran Wang (spoofing, 2026)
- SEC v. Artur Khachatryan (spoofing, 2025)
- SEC v. Dmitrii Yevgenyevich Kushnarev (hijacked account ramping, 2025)
- SEC v. Ryan N. Cole (spoofing, 2025)
- SEC v. Ongkaruck Sripetch and others (pump and dump, 2025)
- SEC v. CLS Global FZC LLC (paid crypto market making, 2025)
- SEC v. Zachary Stevenson (spoofing, 2024)
- SEC v. CLS Global FZC LLC and Andrey Zhorzhes (paid crypto market making, 2024)
- SEC v. Gotbit Consulting LLC a/k/a Gotbit Hedge Fund and Fedor Kedrov (paid crypto market making, 2024)
- SEC v. Russell Armand, Maxwell Hernandez, Manpreet Singh Kohli, and Nam Tran (paid crypto market making, 2024)
- SEC v. Vy Pham (paid crypto market making, 2024)
- SEC v. ZM Quant Investment Ltd., Baijun Ou a/k/a Eric Ou, and Ruiqi Lau a/k/a Ricky Liu (paid crypto market making, 2024)
All 64 matched records
- SEC v. Frank M. Cerisano Jr. (spoofing, 2026)
- SEC v. Gotbit Consulting LLC a/k/a Gotbit Hedge Fund and Fedor Kedrov (paid crypto market making, 2026)
- SEC v. Michael J. Forster (pump and dump, 2026)
- SEC v. Mingran Wang (spoofing, 2026)
- SEC v. Artur Khachatryan (spoofing, 2025)
- SEC v. Dmitrii Yevgenyevich Kushnarev (hijacked account ramping, 2025)
- SEC v. Ryan N. Cole (spoofing, 2025)
- SEC v. Ongkaruck Sripetch and others (pump and dump, 2025)
- SEC v. CLS Global FZC LLC (paid crypto market making, 2025)
- SEC v. Zachary Stevenson (spoofing, 2024)
- SEC v. CLS Global FZC LLC and Andrey Zhorzhes (paid crypto market making, 2024)
- SEC v. Gotbit Consulting LLC a/k/a Gotbit Hedge Fund and Fedor Kedrov (paid crypto market making, 2024)
- SEC v. Russell Armand, Maxwell Hernandez, Manpreet Singh Kohli, and Nam Tran (paid crypto market making, 2024)
- SEC v. Vy Pham (paid crypto market making, 2024)
- SEC v. ZM Quant Investment Ltd., Baijun Ou a/k/a Eric Ou, and Ruiqi Lau a/k/a Ricky Liu (paid crypto market making, 2024)
- SEC v. TD Securities (USA) LLC (spoofing, 2024)
- SEC v. Marco Babini, et al. (price manipulation, 2024)
- SEC v. Joel David Castro Leon and Shmuel A. Sherr (spoofing, 2024)
- SEC v. Nutra Pharma Corp. et al (unregistered distributions, 2024)
- SEC v. Jason Nielsen (spoofing, 2024)
- SEC v. Harmel S. Rayat, RenovaCare, Inc., Jatinder Bhogal (pump and dump, 2024)
- SEC v. Jonathan Farber, Aarif Jamani, Brian Keasberry (pump and dump, 2024)
- SEC v. SafeMoon LLC, SafeMoon US LLC, Kyle Nagy, Braden John Karony, Thomas Glenn Smith (wash trading, 2023)
- SEC v. Celsius Network Limited and Alexander "Alex" Mashinsky (price manipulation, 2023)
- SEC v. Carlos Eduardo Reyes Alvarez (wash trading, 2023)
- SEC v. Justin Sun et al. (paid stock promotion, 2023)
- SEC v. The Hydrogen Technology Corporation, Michael Ross Kane, and Tyler Ostern (paid crypto market making, 2022)
- SEC v. Harmel S. Rayat, RenovaCare, Inc., Jatinder Bhogal, Jeetenderjit Singh Sidhu, and Sharon Fleming (newsletter scalping, 2022)
- SEC v. Vali Management Partners (Avalon FA Ltd), Nathan Fayyer and Sergey Pustelnik (layering, 2022)
- SEC v. Stubos, et al. (undisclosed control blocks, 2022)
- SEC v. Domenic Calabrigo, Curtis Lehner, Courtney Vasseur and Hasan Sario (pump and dump, 2022)
- SEC v. Justin Wallace Herman, Anthony Michael Baker, Ian Horn, and Island Capital Inc (boiler rooms, 2022)
- SEC v. Francis Biller, et al. (pump and dump, 2022)
- SEC v. Aleksandr Milrud (layering, 2022)
- SEC v. Steven M. Gallagher, a/k/a "Alexander Delarge" (social media ramps, 2021)
- SEC v. Adam Heimann (paid stock promotion, 2021)
- SEC v. Timothy Page et al., Daniel Cattlin and William R. Shupe (boiler rooms, 2021)
- SEC v. Xuepeng Xie (layering, 2021)
- SEC v. Ahmad Haris Tajyar and Eric Leo Marsoubian (marking the close, 2021)
- SEC v. Bruce Schoengood, Medifirst Solutions, Inc. and Joshua Tyrell (paid stock promotion, 2021)
- SEC v. Nicholas Mejia Scrivener (layering, 2020)
- SEC v. Jason C. Nielsen (pump and dump, 2020)
- SEC v. Barry Honig, et al. (pump and dump, 2020)
- SEC v. Bajic et al., Ciapala et al. (unregistered distributions, 2020)
- SEC v. Lek Securities Corporation and Samuel Lek (layering, 2019)
- SEC v. Howard M. Appel (float locking, 2019)
- SEC v. Nutra Pharma Corp. et al (unregistered distributions, 2018)
- SEC v. Barry C. Honig, et al. (pump and dump, 2018)
- SEC v. Howard M. Appel (matched orders, 2018)
- SEC v. Timary Delorme (pump and dump, 2018)
- SEC v. Jason A. Wallace (boiler rooms, 2017)
- SEC v. Joseph P. Willner (hijacked account ramping, 2017)
- SEC v. Richard P. Cedrone, Steven R. Ferris and George R. Thoreson (marking the close, 2017)
- SEC v. Lek Securities Corporation, Samuel Lek, Avalon FA Ltd, Nathan Fayyer and Sergey Pustelnik (layering, 2017 ruling)
- SEC v. James M. Farinella, et al. (matched orders, 2017)
- SEC v. Lek Securities Corporation, Samuel Lek, Avalon FA Ltd, Nathan Fayyer and Sergey Pustelnik (layering, 2017)
- SEC v. Jason A. Wallace (boiler rooms, 2016)
- SEC v. Abraxas J. Discala, Marc E. Wexler, Matthew A. Bell, Craig L. Josephberg, and Ira Shapiro (reverse merger schemes, 2015)
- SEC v. Briargate Trading, LLC and Eric Oscher (spoofing, 2015)
- SEC v. Marco Babini et al. (pump and dump, 2015)
- SEC v. David Craven and Alexander J. Craven (pump and dump, 2015)
- SEC v. David Craven and Alexander J. Craven (pump and dump, 2015)
- SEC v. Aleksandr Milrud (layering, 2015)
- SEC v. Visionary Trading LLC, Lightspeed Trading LLC and five individuals (layering, 2014)
What this does not show
These are statutes cited in the record's document where it charges, finds or alleges a violation, not necessarily proven ones. Dismissed and pending matters count as alleged. A release that names no section is not matched, so counts understate use of this provision. The plain-language meaning is a summary, not legal advice.